Means for constructing concrete walls.



2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

fwwors PATENTED MAY 22, 1906. C. H. BELLARS. MEANS FOR CONSTRUCTINGCONCRETE WALLS APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23. 1906.

No. 821,277. PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

' C. H. BELLARS.

MEANS FOR GONSTRUCTING CONCRETE WALLS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1906- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

.UNITED STATES BarnierN ernten. ,l

CHARLES H. BELLARsor LYNDnunsfr,x rinfwlannfsnr.

' MEANS Fon oo'NsT-nucrme. CoiNoRii/Enwannsf.. ,u

No. 82i,277.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed January 28,1906. iSerial No'. 297,401.l` -I y f ii'. 4

f .ratenteafmay 22 ieee.

Tau/ZZ whom it may concern: Y

Beit known that I, CHARLES H. BELLARs, a citizen -of thel United States,residing in Lyndhurst, in the county of Bergen and State all of whichmeans shall be easily handled and simple and economical in operation.

The invention consists in certain novel lfeatures and'details ofarrangement and construction by which the above objects are attained,tobe hereinafter described.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this s ecification and shoviT apreferred form of an method of using the apparatus.-

Figurel 1 is an elevation showing a corner of a building in process ofconstruction with' the improved molds. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on alarger scale through a portion of a wall, showing the moldboardsandholding means in elevation. Fig. 3 is an elevationv showin a portion ofthe inner face of one of the mo dboards for the exterior face of thewall. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section' through the same board and aportion of an adjacent board. Fig. 5 is an elevation showing anlattachment for the same board. Fig.

6 is aftransverse sectiony taken on the line 6 6l in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7is a corresponding side view. Fig. 8 is a modified form of theattachment. Fig.'9 is a cross-section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 8, andFig. 1() is a correspond# -ing elevation. Fig. 11 is a frontview, partlyin vertical section, showing the molds for a ywindow-opening. Fig. 12 isa horizontal lsection on 'the line 12 12 in the preceding figure, `andFig.: 13 is a corresponding vertical section. Fig. 14 is a verticalsection through a 'portion of the wall and interior and exteriormoldboards corresponding to Fig. 2, but on a much larger scale. Fig. 15is a side view showingthe holding means, and Fig. 16y

is-a' horizontal-section showing the same parts in plan view. Fig. 17 isa horizontal section through a corner of the wall, showing the junction0f uit interior melanoma; and the exterior moldboardsffy F is ahorizontal section throughthe e'i'rterior miildboards at theirjunction.' *V i Similarletters of referencefindicate like i parts in allthe igure's-"f The wall M Iisof'y Neoricreteyw yby which is meant thecomposition.of"cement, sand, and

other materials usually employed instructures of this charactenand`whicihamay be colored, if desired, tov imitate variouskin'ds of stone.The 'exterior' ymoldboards' shapin the outer face of the wall laremarkedA an the interior moldboa'rds for'the inner or unexposed face of thewall*are marked B.

Each is in the form of alongstrip, prefer- `ably of wood, faced withsheet metal.` They are held apart by bolts@ a distance equal to thethickness `ofthe wall--tol be built and the space between filled withfthe concrete properly conditioned and .tampedpl Exterior and interiormoldbo'ard's. are added by placing them on the upper edges-ofthe firstand the .space thusprovidedsimilarly Milled until a number, five areshown, are in place and filled and theconcrete is set or hardenedsuficiently to support itself` reliably'with the bolts embeddedtherein-.-

The uppermost board of eachk series/ is allowed to remain in place,ffheld by its `bolts thus embedded,^while the others are removed 'by'withdrawing the.,lower boltsy and a ain,

superposed toform` a new .space whic is similarly filled with concrete,`and so on, until the wall has risen tothe desired height, the wall thusserving to support the two series-of moldboards during. the.lconstruction and avoidingy the labor `and Jexpense of" buildingscaffolding or complete molds fory the wall, as is the usual practice.,y. v vg-y It is apparent that meansm ust beprovided forinsuringuniform-.wall thicknessl and perpendicularity and alsoforsupporting each series of moldboards. lThis :is accomplished by staysD, preferabl-y-of heavy sheet .metal bent to channel formand.ealchhavingyopen slots or inclined notches yc in its edges, in which arereceived the bolts C, which may be simple` bolts threadedgat'the `endsto receive nuts, `(indicatedy by the .dottedflines atC in Fig. 14,) butpreferably 1are tubes threaded at each end and engaged byspurgear-wheels D2, mounted on'sjtud's',Dftinv the trough-like openingsinthe stays andturned by a suitable -wrench applied `.onsqil-,laresDafon the gear-wheels, thus permitting., the staysto lbe 'rio drawntogether, as desired, and clamp the moldboards securely to the wall.'l`be rearf wheels are then locked l'rittionalh by mits Ii* on the studsD'. The stays are thus equipped at both ends and permit the upper endsto be adjusted, as necessary, to insure plumb wallfaces. Each bolt C ispreferably equipped with dogs C2, pivoted within the tubular bolt andarranged to be swung outwardly through slots c' by a rod C3, forcedaxially through the bolt. Thus arranged the dogs U2 on the lower boltare engaged in the concrete and hold the lower ends of the staysreliably. Vvhen this portion or "course of the wall is completed and theupper bolt embedded, the stays are released and shifted upward, thelower bolt being removed by withdrawing theirod and permitting the dogsto swing within the tubular bolt as the latter is drawn from the wall bythe. lapplication of sufficient force. The hole thus left'is filled withconcrete and the withdrawn bolt replaced through the stays at a higherlevel and the moldboards again successively superposed within the staysand held thereby in the perpendicular position determined by adjustingthe stays and bolt, as above described.

VEach inoldboard may have holes at proper intervals to receive thebolts, so that the boards of each series may be interchangeable; but Iprefer to thus perforate only the boards to be used as the upper andlower boards of each series. The interior moldboards B may be plainstrips of suitable lumber; but to insure against warping and wear andalso to produce a smooth wall-face they are preferably covered on theupper and lower edges and working face with sheet metal B', zinc, orothernon-corrosive material preferred. The edges and working faces ofthe exterior moldboards A are similarly protected by metal A', which maybe embossed, if desired, to produce an ornamented wall-surface. l haveshown the exterior moldboards as each'having a ridge A2 along the uppermargin of the working faeezformed by bending the metal A', producing acorrespondingly-shaped longitudinal groove in the wall and provided withvertical ridges A, making intersecting vertical grooves in the wall, thewhole producing an imitation of masonry with channeled joints. Thevertical ridges are also of sheet metalwith beveled ends matching to theangles of the horizontal ridges AIA2 on adjacent moldboards and aresecured to the latter at proper intervals by the engagement of the in-'tegrally-formedtongues AJX A4 1n slots al a in the'horizontal ridges orby projecting tongues of wire A5 A5 in holes a' a', as may be foundpreferable.

The window-opening is produced by setg ting the window-frame E in placeand shapingthe outer potions of the opening by j ambl pieces F, formingthe sides thereof, and the angles at the sill and lintel. The remainingi satan parts of the sill are shaped by rectangular boxes or tubes li",telescoping into a central box lf and secured by bolts F3 in slots f.The linteltnot shown) is similarly shaped, and the window-cap formedintegral with the wall may be ornamented or plain by employing asuitable mold therefor.

The sill projects outwardly from the wall and is produced in a hollowframe' G, surrounding a rectangular opening in one of the exteriormoldboards A. The frame Gr, with the moldboard and jamb-pieces F, isheld in place and to the interior moldboard B by a clamp H, having ascrew H'. (oncrete is filled into the frame G from the exterior untilmore than sufficient to form the proneting portion of the sill issupplied and partita., set or hardened. The excess is then cut off bythe metal plate or slide G' in the slot g, provided in the upper part ofthe frame G, pro ducing a smooth exterior face on the sill. The abuttingends of the'interior moldboards B, forming the inner angle at thecorner, are provided with loosely-fitting metal caps B2, arranged to beextended or contracted as may be required to produce the angle, (seeFig. 17,) and the exterior angle is formed by allowing one seriesfmoldboards A toproject beyond the intersectin T face, while the otherseries abuts against tie first, being held in the desired relation.thereto by stud-bolts L, insert ed through the notches in one of thestays D and screwed into the ends of the abutting moldboards. The endsof the abutting moldboards are protected by sliding caps A6 similar tothe caps B2 and are firmly held by short screws L', extending throughmetal braces D5 into the uppermost and lowermost of the abutting series.

Swinging hooks J are secured to the outer fac-es of the stays D forengaging the bolts (l while shifting the stays and moldboards, and

similar hooks J' on the rear l'aees ol' the stays near the ends arereceived in eyes J2 on the moldboards, thus removably securing themoldboards to the stays and causing them to follow the movements of thestays as the latter are adjusted for perpendicularity.

By the use of my invention the expensive construction of the usualcomplete mold for ICO IOS

IIO

the wall is avoided,a comparatively small number of the sectionalmoldboards being sufficient to build a wall of any dimensions, withwindow and door openings located as desired. All partsof the apparatusare light and easily handled and offer an extremely economical method ofwall construction.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions of thepartswithout departing from the principle of the invention orsacrificingits advantages, and parts of the invention may be usedwithoutl the whole.

A greater or less number of moldboards of greater or less width thanshown may be employed'in each series, and they may be held yin place byother forms of sta the completedportion of the wa lby any suitable formsof removable bolts.

The metal covering for the boards may bedispensed carried by said boltsfor en other in pairs,

with. The walls may be chambered or hollowed or reinforced with metallicrods or strips without interfering with the use of the invention, andthe exterior of the wall may be plain or variously ornamented. Theinterior surface may-be roughened by correspondingly shaping the surfaceof the interior mold.

boards to produce a wall-surface adapted to receive plaster applieddirectly thereto. One face of the wall may be formed by my moldboards,the other being formed by any approved mold. As before stated, the boltsC may be engaged with the stays by nuts C C on the outer and innerfaces, by which the stays may be adjusted and held in the desiredperpendicular positions, stood.

I claim-d 1. In an apparatus for constructing concrete walls, a seriesof moldboards for the exterior face of a wall, a series of moldboardsfor the interior face of. said wall, stays for each of said series,located opposite each bolts extending through the lower portions of eachpair of stays, through the lowermost board of each series and said wall,bolts extendin through the upper portions of each pair o stays, andthrough the uppermost board of each series, and means aging said wallwhen embedded therein, an means for disengaging said bolts.

2. In an apparatus for constructing concrete walls, a moldboard, a bolten agin said board,and extending therethrough ancgl means carried bysaid bolt for engaging a wall when embedded therein, and means fordisengaging said. bolt.

3. A bolt for the urposes described, consisting of a tube, ogs pivotallymounted therein and'constructed to swing through slots in said tube andprotrude on the exterior thereof, and a rod adapted to be thrust throughsaid tube and cause such'protrusion and to be withdrawn to permit theretraction of said dogs. l

4. In an apparatus'of the character set forth, a stay, a bolt extendingtherethrough and having a screw-threaded or annularlytoothed end, agear-wheel mounted on said s secured to Y .as will be under-l stay andengaged with saidscrew-threads or teeth, means for turning saidgear-wheel and moving said bolt and stay relatively to each other, and acontrolling means for holding said gear-wheel against turning.

5. In an apparatus of the character set forth, two series of moldboards,a stay for each series, tubular bolts extending through said ,stays andthe lowermost and uppermost boards of both series, teeth on the ends ofsaid bolts, gear-wheels mounted on studs in said stays and engaged withsaid teeth, and vnuts on said stu s for frictionally holding said wheelswhen desired.

6. In an a paratus of the character described, mol boards yconstructedto match ed eto edge to constitute a series, longitudina ridges formedon the working faces of said boards, and removable transverse ridgesconstructed to engage the longitudinal rid es of two adjacentmoldboards, substantial y as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In an apparatus of the character described, moldboards constructed tomatch edge to edge to form a serles, a metal covering for the workingface of each of said boards, longitudinal ridges on said faces formed byshaping said metal covering, removable transverse ridges of sheet metalhaving tongues engaged in openings in the longitudinal ridges of twoadjacent moldboards, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In an apparatus of' the character set forth, an adjustable frame forforming openings -in a wall', comprising vertical jambieces, andlaterally-extending adjustable ollow telescoping sections connectingsaid jamb-pieces.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, a moldboard having anopening extending lon itudinally thereof, an outwardly-l ame surroundingsaid opening,

extending a slot in the upper face, and a and having slide received insaid slot, all constructed to serve in forming a window-sill or likeprojection on' a concrete wall, substantially as herein set forth. l

In testimony that I claim the invention` above set forth I aflix, mysignature in pres-

